走巴黎公约申请海外专利,优先权逾期了怎么补救?
走巴黎公约申请海外专利,优先权逾期了怎么补救?
通过巴黎公约申请海外专利时,优先权期限只有12个月。
在这12个月内,申请人既要选择目标国家、准备申请文件;再加上,很多申请人还会等国内申请授权后再启动海外申请,而国内授权本身也需要一定时间……所以稍一拖延,就可能错过12个月期限。
错过优先权期限怎么办?还能恢复权利吗?
本文就为大家讲清楚:通过巴黎公约申请美国和欧洲专利,如果优先权逾期12个月,分别要满足什么条件,需要多少费用才能恢复权利?
美国
如果你的优先权刚刚超过十二个月,美国通常是最有希望补救的国家之一。
· 35 U.S.C. 119(a):An application for patent for an invention filed in this country by any person who has, or whose legal representatives or assigns have, previously regularly filed an application for a patent for the same invention in a foreign country which affords similar privileges in the case of applications filed in the United States or to citizens of the United States, or in a WTO member country, shall have the same effect as the same application would have if filed in this country on the date on which the application for patent for the same invention was first filed in such foreign country, if the application in this country is filed within 12 months from the earliest date on which such foreign application was filed. The Director may prescribe regulations, including the requirement for payment of the fee specified in section 41(a)(7) , pursuant to which the 12-month period set forth in this subsection may be extended by an additional 2 months if the delay in filing the application in this country within the 12-month period was unintentional.
· 机译:任何人在本国提交的发明专利申请,若该人或其法定代表人或受让人,先前已在一外国依法定期提交了对同一发明的专利申请,且该外国要么在处理提交到美国的申请或对美国公民时提供类似待遇,要么是世贸组织(WTO)的成员国,则若该本国申请是在该外国最早提交之日起12个月内提出,该本国申请应具有与在本国以该外国最早提交日为申请日提交该申请相同的效力。局长可制定规章(包括要求按第41(a)(7)节缴纳规定费用),根据该等规章,如果在前述12个月期限内未能在本国提交申请且该延误属非故意,则可将本小节所载的12个月期限额外延长最多2个月。
35 U.S.C. 119明确指出,在12个月优先权期限内,未及时提交申请时,USPTO允许最多额外延长2个月。
即最迟要在最早优先权日起,14个月内提出恢复请求。
但一旦超过14个月,就无法再恢复了。
恢复条件:相对宽松
申请人可通过提交请愿(petition)恢复优先权,但前提是延误为“非故意”(unintentional)。
“非故意延误”可以理解为:申请人并非主动放弃申请,而是因各种原因未能按时完成申请。
怎么证明“非故意”?
其实美国的恢复要求相对比较宽松——申请人通常只需在请愿书中,说明延误属于非故意即可,一般无需额外提交证据。
但也有例外,如果USPTO要求你补充资料,以证明延误确为“非故意”,你就需要额外补充证据才能恢复优先权。
恢复费用
在费用方面,根据美国专利商标局(USPTO)现行费率,恢复请求的官费分别为:大实体2260美元,小实体904美元,微实体452美元。
欧洲
· Article 87(1) EPC:Any person who has duly filed, in or for(a) any State party to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property or(b) any Member of the World Trade Organization,an application for a patent, a utility model or a utility certificate, or for the registration of a utility model or a utility certificate, or his successors in title, shall enjoy, for the purpose of filing a European patent application in respect of the same invention, a right of priority during a period of twelve months from the date of filing of the first application.
· 机译:任何人,如果其本人或其权利继受人已经在下列国家或地区就同一发明正式提交了专利申请、实用新型申请、实用新型证书申请,或者实用新型、实用证书注册申请:(a) 保护工业产权巴黎公约缔约国;或者(b) 世界贸易组织成员;则其为就同一发明提交欧洲专利申请之目的,自首次申请提交之日起十二个月内,享有优先权。
· Rule 136(1):Any request for re-establishment of rights under Article 122, paragraph 1, shall be filed in writing within two months of the removal of the cause of non-compliance with the period, but at the latest within one year of expiry of the unobserved time limit. However, a request for re-establishment of rights in respect of any of the periods specified in Article 87, paragraph 1, and in Article 112a, paragraph 4, shall be filed within two months of expiry of that period. The request for re-establishment of rights shall not be deemed to have been filed until the prescribed fee has been paid.
· 机译:根据第122条第1款提出的任何权利恢复请求,应当在未遵守期限的原因消除之日起两个月内以书面形式提出,且最迟不得超过未遵守期限届满之日起一年。但是,对于涉及第87条第1款以及第112a条第4款所规定期限的权利恢复请求,应当在该期限届满之日起两个月内提出。此外,在规定费用缴纳之前,该权利恢复请求不视为已提出。
欧洲同样可以在优先权期限届满后的两个月内提出恢复请求,但其恢复条件完全不同。
欧洲恢复条件:非常严格
要恢复欧洲优先权,申请人必须证明自己“已尽一切应有注意义务”。
这与美国宽松的“非故意延误”标准不同。
美国更关注“为什么出错”,而欧洲更关注这一错误本来是否可以避免。
举例来说,如果只是“因疏忽未注意期限”或“因内部忙碌导致遗漏”,美国专利局很可能会接受,但这个理由很难被欧洲专利局接受。
只有证明,申请人已经建立了完善的期限管理体系和提醒机制,而此次延误只是个别异常情况,恢复请求才有可能获得支持。
恢复费用
在费用方面,欧洲的权利恢复费用为790欧元,实行统一标准,不区分实体类型;此外,还需补缴其他相关费用。
更多的话
在巴黎公约路径下,优先权逾期2个月以内,申请人仍有可能通过补救程序争取恢复相关权利。
但最好还是尽量避免错过期限;如果确实已经超期,就应尽早评估并采取补救措施,避免因拖延进一步丧失机会。